Letter 2980 - Revision history

Tony: Omitted "for him" for ease of reading / Punctuation

2025-02-04T13:01:28Z

Omitted "for him" for ease of reading / Punctuation

Brett: Text replacement - "Hanover" to "Hannover"

2022-08-25T13:39:20Z

Text replacement - "Hanover" to "Hannover"

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	==Notes and References==		==Notes and References==
	<references>		<references>
	<ref name="note1">Tchaikovsky and his sister-in-law [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olga]] (the wife of his elder brother, [[Nikolay]]) had left [[Paris]] together on 12/24 June 1886, taking with them to Russia little [[Georges-Léon]] — the illegitimate son of Tchaikovsky's niece [[Tatyana Davydova]] who was born in [[Paris]] and had been looked after by a French family in the suburb of Bicêtre for the first three years of his life. The boy was to be adopted by [[Nikolay]] and [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olga]] , who had no children of her own, although the secret of his birth was still to be kept from [[Tatyana Davydova\|Tatyana]]'s parents. Various entries in the diary which he kept during the long train journey to [[Saint Petersburg]] reflect Tchaikovsky's touching concern and affection for the child: 13/25 June: "It was more fortunate and calm that I expected. [[Cologne]]. Tea. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] slept twice in the course of the trip and the second time a good deal. Very sweet but too high-spirited ... [[~~Hanover~~]]. Was obliged to spend some time alone with him; create fairy tales; talk nonsense"; 14/26 June: "Coffee. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] slept well ... Am writing a telegram while it is quiet alongside: must be [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] fell asleep again ... Verzhbolovo. Dinner. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] suddenly fell asleep at dinner. Carried him while he was sleeping to a small ladies' compartment. Well, at last in Russia! This evening both [[Olga]] and I were unusually tired"; 15/27 June: "A long drawn-out day. Was obliged to entertain much and fuss with [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|Georgie]]. By the way, I gratified him particularly by inventing a slapping game ... [[Saint Petersburg]], finally. [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky\|Kolya]] met us ... [[Géorges]] looked very happy and played as though Bicêtre and ''geo-tilliez ''[?] never existed. After conversing and putting [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] to bed, went to have supper at Palkin's restaurant. A white night! Strange, but beautiful..." Over the next two days in [[Saint Petersburg]] Tchaikovsky spent a lot of time with [[Géorges]] and his adoptive parents. Thus, on 16/28 June the composer noted in his diary: "He became angry at [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olya]] after dinner and cried convulsively in my arms. When I was leaving, he cried bitterly and wanted me to stay". The following day, Tchaikovsky attended the boy's christening (he was given the Russian name [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|Georgy]]) and bought some pictures and toys for him which he gave to him that evening, shortly before his departure for [[Maydanovo]]: "Dinner at [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky\|Kolya]]'s. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] was very pleased with his toys, especially with the little soldiers entering the fortress. Left him secretly to avoid tears" — all diary entries quoted from {{bib\|1973/106\|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 88–90.</ref>		<ref name="note1">Tchaikovsky and his sister-in-law [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olga]] (the wife of his elder brother, [[Nikolay]]) had left [[Paris]] together on 12/24 June 1886, taking with them to Russia little [[Georges-Léon]] — the illegitimate son of Tchaikovsky's niece [[Tatyana Davydova]] who was born in [[Paris]] and had been looked after by a French family in the suburb of Bicêtre for the first three years of his life. The boy was to be adopted by [[Nikolay]] and [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olga]] , who had no children of her own, although the secret of his birth was still to be kept from [[Tatyana Davydova\|Tatyana]]'s parents. Various entries in the diary which he kept during the long train journey to [[Saint Petersburg]] reflect Tchaikovsky's touching concern and affection for the child: 13/25 June: "It was more fortunate and calm that I expected. [[Cologne]]. Tea. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] slept twice in the course of the trip and the second time a good deal. Very sweet but too high-spirited ... [[Hannover]]. Was obliged to spend some time alone with him; create fairy tales; talk nonsense"; 14/26 June: "Coffee. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] slept well ... Am writing a telegram while it is quiet alongside: must be [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] fell asleep again ... Verzhbolovo. Dinner. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] suddenly fell asleep at dinner. Carried him while he was sleeping to a small ladies' compartment. Well, at last in Russia! This evening both [[Olga]] and I were unusually tired"; 15/27 June: "A long drawn-out day. Was obliged to entertain much and fuss with [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|Georgie]]. By the way, I gratified him particularly by inventing a slapping game ... [[Saint Petersburg]], finally. [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky\|Kolya]] met us ... [[Géorges]] looked very happy and played as though Bicêtre and ''geo-tilliez ''[?] never existed. After conversing and putting [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] to bed, went to have supper at Palkin's restaurant. A white night! Strange, but beautiful..." Over the next two days in [[Saint Petersburg]] Tchaikovsky spent a lot of time with [[Géorges]] and his adoptive parents. Thus, on 16/28 June the composer noted in his diary: "He became angry at [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olya]] after dinner and cried convulsively in my arms. When I was leaving, he cried bitterly and wanted me to stay". The following day, Tchaikovsky attended the boy's christening (he was given the Russian name [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|Georgy]]) and bought some pictures and toys for him which he gave to him that evening, shortly before his departure for [[Maydanovo]]: "Dinner at [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky\|Kolya]]'s. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] was very pleased with his toys, especially with the little soldiers entering the fortress. Left him secretly to avoid tears" — all diary entries quoted from {{bib\|1973/106\|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 88–90.</ref>
	<ref name="note2">Under Napoleon III, who reigned as emperor from 1852 to 1870, the French government promulgated the International Copyright Act (in March 1852) which granted to foreign authors (including artists and composers) equal rights of property in their productions as those which had hitherto been enjoyed by French authors only. Over the following years France concluded bilateral treaties with a number of countries (including Russia) which also agreed to give such protection to French authors within their own borders. In July 1886 the Russian government decided to annul this convention with France and, moreover, not to sign the Berne Convention which most other European countries adopted that year. Charles Thomas Floquet (1828–1896) was a French radical politician who had vigorously opposed Napoleon III's regime, and who at the time of the above letter was President of the Chamber of Deputies.</ref>		<ref name="note2">Under Napoleon III, who reigned as emperor from 1852 to 1870, the French government promulgated the International Copyright Act (in March 1852) which granted to foreign authors (including artists and composers) equal rights of property in their productions as those which had hitherto been enjoyed by French authors only. Over the following years France concluded bilateral treaties with a number of countries (including Russia) which also agreed to give such protection to French authors within their own borders. In July 1886 the Russian government decided to annul this convention with France and, moreover, not to sign the Berne Convention which most other European countries adopted that year. Charles Thomas Floquet (1828–1896) was a French radical politician who had vigorously opposed Napoleon III's regime, and who at the time of the above letter was President of the Chamber of Deputies.</ref>
	<ref name="note3">The photographic atelier founded in [[Paris]] in 1850 by the German-born Charles Reutlinger (1816–1880) was one of the most prestigious in the city, and many famous artists, writers, and musicians had their pictures taken there. After Charles's death the studio was run by his widow and his brother Émile. Tchaikovsky had himself photographed there on 9/21 June 1886, as we learn from his diary: "Left at nine-thirty o'clock and went to have some photographs taken at Reutlinger's. The proprietress (a German) has a torn lip. Friendly gentleman photographer. Six poses" (quoted from {{bib\|1973/106\|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 87). These portraits are listed as nos. 50 to 54 in the [[Photographs\|Catalogue of Photographs]].</ref>		<ref name="note3">The photographic atelier founded in [[Paris]] in 1850 by the German-born Charles Reutlinger (1816–1880) was one of the most prestigious in the city, and many famous artists, writers, and musicians had their pictures taken there. After Charles's death the studio was run by his widow and his brother Émile. Tchaikovsky had himself photographed there on 9/21 June 1886, as we learn from his diary: "Left at nine-thirty o'clock and went to have some photographs taken at Reutlinger's. The proprietress (a German) has a torn lip. Friendly gentleman photographer. Six poses" (quoted from {{bib\|1973/106\|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 87). These portraits are listed as nos. 50 to 54 in the [[Photographs\|Catalogue of Photographs]].</ref>

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2022-07-14T20:31:25Z

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← Older revision	Revision as of 22:31, 14 July 2022
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{{letterhead
|Date=22 June/4 July 1886
|To=[[Félix Mackar]]
|Place=[[Moscow]]
|Language=French
|Autograph=[[Paris]] (France): {{F-Pn}}
|Publication={{bibx|1968/16|Revue de musicologie}}, tome 64 (1968), no. 1, p. 55<br/>{{bib|1971/89|П. И. Чайковский. Полное собрание сочинений ; том XIII}} (1971), p. 373–374. }}

==Text and Translation==
{{Lettertext
|Language=French
|Translator=Luis Sundkvist
|Original text={{right|''Moscou''<br/>22 Juin/4 Juillet 1886}}
{{centre|Mon cher ami!}}
Me {{sic|voila|voilà}} depuis plusieurs jours dans mon pays. Le voyage s'est effectué dans les meilleurs conditions possibles. L'enfant a été bien sage et je n'ai pas eu beaucoup à en souffrir, car, heureusement, c'est le plus doux enfant du monde. Ayant passé deux jours à {{sic|Petersbourg|Pétersbourg}}, je suis allé chez moi, et me voilà aujourd'hui à Moscou pour affaires de toute espèce. J'ai parlé à ''Jurgenson'' à propos de la convention que l'on veut abroger. Comme Vous, il trouve qu'il serait parfaitement juste de la maintenir, — mais notre Gouvernement ne fait que gagner à l'abrogation d'un traité qui a été conclu dans le temps pour faire la cour à l'Empereur Napoléon III, et qui, maintenant que V[ou]s êtes {{sic|gouverné|gouvernés}} par M[onsieu]r ''Floquet'' et consorts, — n'a que fort peu de chances pour subsister. Cependant je V[ou]s promets de faire tout mon possible pour tâcher de faire qu'on renouvelle une convention qui est basée sur la justice et {{sic|l'interêt|l'intérêt}} commun.

J'ai reçu de la part de M[ada]me ''Reutlinger'' les épreuves de mes photographies. Toutes les poses sont ''parfaitement'' réussi[e]s et je tiens beaucoup à en avoir une douzaine de chaque. Veuillez donc, cher ami, commander à M[ada]me Reutlinger ce qu'il me faut et expédier la commande à ''P. Jurgenson pour remettre à P. Tchaïkovsky''. Veuillez aussi ''payer'' le montant de la note de M[ada]me Reutlinger et me l'envoyer et aussitôt je {{sic|règlerai|réglerai}} nos comptes avec Vous. Vous ai-je dit que j'avais promis de donner ''gratis'' à M[onsieu]r Colonne plusieurs de mes partitions avec les parties séparées. ''Jurgenson'' vous les expédiera demain et V[ou]s aurez la complaisance de les envoyer à ''Colonne (Aix les Bains (Savoie) Chalet Adrien, Route de Marlioz)''. Comme ce ''maestro'' est rempli des meilleurs intentions à mon égard, — j'ai cru qu'il {{sic|etait|était}} juste de faire ce qu'il m'avait demandé. J'ai oublié de dire hier à ''Jurgenson'' de V[ou]s envoyer le {{sic|manuscrit|manuscript}} de la ''Doumka'' (et je V[ou]s en demande pardon) mais je lui {{sic|ecrirai|écrirai}} ce soir rentré chez moi.

Veuillez, cher ami, être {{sic|l'interprête|l'interprète}} auprès de M[ada]me Mackar de mes meilleurs sentiments et ne doutez jamais de l'amitié sincère de Votre tout dévoué,
{{right|P. Tschaïkovsky}}
P.S. Veuillez commander ''2 douzaines'' de celles de mes photographies {{sic|ou|où}} je suis ''debout'', — ce sont à mon goût les plus {{sic|reussies|réussies}}. Les autres ''une douzaine'' de chaque pose. Salutations {{sic|amicale|amicales}} à Charles et Henri Condemine.

|Translated text={{right|''[[Moscow]]''<br/>22 June/4 July 1886}}
{{centre|My dear friend!}}
So here I am: I returned to my home country several days ago. The journey proceeded in the best possible conditions. The child was very well-behaved, and I didn't have to suffer much because, fortunately, he is the sweetest child in the world <ref name="note1"/>. After spending two days in [[Petersburg]] I went home [to [[Maydanovo]]], but now I have come to [[Moscow]] to attend to all kinds of business matters. I have spoken to ''[[Jurgenson]]'' regarding the convention which is to be annulled. Like you, he feels that it would be perfectly fair to maintain it in force, but our Government can only benefit from the annulment of a treaty which in its time was concluded in order to flatter Emperor Napoleon III, and which, now that you are governed by Mr ''Floquet'' and his associates, has but very few chances of continuing to be upheld <ref name="note2"/>. Nevertheless, I promise you that I shall do all I can in order to try to get this convention to be renewed, for it is based on fairness and common interests.

I have received from Madame ''Reutlinger'' the proofs of my photographs <ref name="note3"/>. All the poses have come out ''perfectly'' well, and I would very much like to have a dozen of each. So could you, dear friend, please order from Madame Reutlinger the number of prints I want and send the whole lot to ''[[P. Jurgenson]], to be forwarded to P. Tchaikovsky''. Could you also ''pay'' the amount indicated on Madame Reutlinger's bill and send it to me, and I will immediately settle up with you. Did I tell you that I had promised to give Monsieur [[Colonne]] several of my scores with orchestral parts for ''free''? ''[[Jurgenson]]'' will send them off to you tomorrow: would you be so kind as to forward them to ''[[Colonne]] (Aix-les-Bains (Savoie) Chalet Adrien, Route de Marlioz)''. Since this ''maestro'' is full of the best intentions with regard to me, I felt it was only fair to do as he had asked <ref name="note4"/> I forgot to tell ''[[Jurgenson]]'' yesterday that he should send you the manuscript of the ''[[Dumka]]'' (for which I beg your pardon), but I shall write to him tonight when I have got back home <ref name="note5"/>.

Could you, dear friend, act as the mouthpiece of my best regards before Madame Mackar <ref name="note6"/>; I ask you likewise never to doubt of the sincere friendship of your wholeheartedly devoted,
{{right|P. Tchaikovsky}}
P.S. Could you please order ''2 dozens'' of those photographs of me in which I am ''standing'' – those are the ones that to my liking came out best <ref name="note7"/>. As for the others, ''one dozen'' of each pose. My friendly greetings to Charles and Henri Condemine <ref name="note8"/>.
}}

==Notes and References==
<references>
<ref name="note1">Tchaikovsky and his sister-in-law [[Olga Tchaikovskaya|Olga]] (the wife of his elder brother, [[Nikolay]]) had left [[Paris]] together on 12/24 June 1886, taking with them to Russia little [[Georges-Léon]] — the illegitimate son of Tchaikovsky's niece [[Tatyana Davydova]] who was born in [[Paris]] and had been looked after by a French family in the suburb of Bicêtre for the first three years of his life. The boy was to be adopted by [[Nikolay]] and [[Olga Tchaikovskaya|Olga]] , who had no children of her own, although the secret of his birth was still to be kept from [[Tatyana Davydova|Tatyana]]'s parents. Various entries in the diary which he kept during the long train journey to [[Saint Petersburg]] reflect Tchaikovsky's touching concern and affection for the child: 13/25 June: "It was more fortunate and calm that I expected. [[Cologne]]. Tea. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|G.]] slept twice in the course of the trip and the second time a good deal. Very sweet but too high-spirited ... [[Hanover]]. Was obliged to spend some time alone with him; create fairy tales; talk nonsense"; 14/26 June: "Coffee. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|G.]] slept well ... Am writing a telegram while it is quiet alongside: must be [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|G.]] fell asleep again ... Verzhbolovo. Dinner. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|G.]] suddenly fell asleep at dinner. Carried him while he was sleeping to a small ladies' compartment. Well, at last in Russia! This evening both [[Olga]] and I were unusually tired"; 15/27 June: "A long drawn-out day. Was obliged to entertain much and fuss with [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|Georgie]]. By the way, I gratified him particularly by inventing a slapping game ... [[Saint Petersburg]], finally. [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky|Kolya]] met us ... [[Géorges]] looked very happy and played as though Bicêtre and ''geo-tilliez ''[?] never existed. After conversing and putting [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|G.]] to bed, went to have supper at Palkin's restaurant. A white night! Strange, but beautiful..." Over the next two days in [[Saint Petersburg]] Tchaikovsky spent a lot of time with [[Géorges]] and his adoptive parents. Thus, on 16/28 June the composer noted in his diary: "He became angry at [[Olga Tchaikovskaya|Olya]] after dinner and cried convulsively in my arms. When I was leaving, he cried bitterly and wanted me to stay". The following day, Tchaikovsky attended the boy's christening (he was given the Russian name [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|Georgy]]) and bought some pictures and toys for him which he gave to him that evening, shortly before his departure for [[Maydanovo]]: "Dinner at [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky|Kolya]]'s. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|G.]] was very pleased with his toys, especially with the little soldiers entering the fortress. Left him secretly to avoid tears" — all diary entries quoted from {{bib|1973/106|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 88–90.</ref>
<ref name="note2">Under Napoleon III, who reigned as emperor from 1852 to 1870, the French government promulgated the International Copyright Act (in March 1852) which granted to foreign authors (including artists and composers) equal rights of property in their productions as those which had hitherto been enjoyed by French authors only. Over the following years France concluded bilateral treaties with a number of countries (including Russia) which also agreed to give such protection to French authors within their own borders. In July 1886 the Russian government decided to annul this convention with France and, moreover, not to sign the Berne Convention which most other European countries adopted that year. Charles Thomas Floquet (1828–1896) was a French radical politician who had vigorously opposed Napoleon III's regime, and who at the time of the above letter was President of the Chamber of Deputies.</ref>
<ref name="note3">The photographic atelier founded in [[Paris]] in 1850 by the German-born Charles Reutlinger (1816–1880) was one of the most prestigious in the city, and many famous artists, writers, and musicians had their pictures taken there. After Charles's death the studio was run by his widow and his brother Émile. Tchaikovsky had himself photographed there on 9/21 June 1886, as we learn from his diary: "Left at nine-thirty o'clock and went to have some photographs taken at Reutlinger's. The proprietress (a German) has a torn lip. Friendly gentleman photographer. Six poses" (quoted from {{bib|1973/106|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 87). These portraits are listed as nos. 50 to 54 in the [[Photographs|Catalogue of Photographs]].</ref>
<ref name="note4">Vladimir Fédorov cites a brief extract from a letter which [[Colonne]] sent to [[Mackar]] from Aix-les-Bains on 10/22 July 1886: "... my last Russian concert — the ''Marche miniature'' was encored", and which shows that [[Colonne]] had performed Tchaikovsky's [[Suite No. 1]] (or at least excerpts from it) at Aix — see {{bibx|1968/16|Revue de musicologie}}, tome 64 (1968), no. 1, p. 56, note 4.</ref>
<ref name="note5">Rather than waiting until he arrived back at [[Maydanovo]] that evening, Tchaikovsky in fact wrote [[Jurgenson]] a letter while still in [[Moscow]], requesting him to send the original manuscript of the ''[[Dumka]]'' to [[Mackar]] (see [[letter 2981]]). Although [[Jurgenson]] was the first to publish that piano piece, Tchaikovsky had written it specially for his new French publisher and wanted to present him with the autograph as a token of his gratitude. [[Jurgenson]], however, ignored the composer's repeated requests and held on to the manuscript.</ref>
<ref name="note6">[[Mackar]]'s wife, Valérie. In 1888, Tchaikovsky would dedicate to her one of the prints made by the [[Hamburg]] photographer E. Bieber on 6/18 January 1888. He wrote on it the following inscription: "Madame Valérie Mackar souvenir affectueux" and sketched three bars from the ''Andante cantabile'' of his [[String Quartet No. 1]] — see {{bibx|1968/16|Revue de musicologie}}, tome 64 (1968), no. 1, p. 94. The portrait in question is [[:File:Photo060.jpg|Photo 60]].</ref>
<ref name="note7">For example, [[:File:Photo053.jpg|Photo 53]].</ref>
<ref name="note8">In the first publication of this letter by Vladimir Fédorov the last sentence was given as: "Salutations amicale[s] à Charles et Henri Couder... [fin illisible]". However, the editors of {{bib|1971/89|Полное собрание сочинений ; том XIII}} (1971), were able to decipher the last few letters in the photocopy sent to the [[Klin]] Museum by the BnF, and established that the surname was "Condemine". Henri Condemine was a pianist whom Tchaikovsky had met at [[Mackar]]'s house in [[Paris]] that summer. He is mentioned a few times in the composer's diary. Charles was his brother.</ref>
</references>

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:01, 4 February 2025
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	Could you, dear friend, act as the mouthpiece of my best regards before Madame Mackar <ref name="note6"/>; I ask you likewise never to doubt of the sincere friendship of your wholeheartedly devoted,		Could you, dear friend, act as the mouthpiece of my best regards before Madame Mackar <ref name="note6"/>; I ask you likewise never to doubt of the sincere friendship of your wholeheartedly devoted,
	{{right\|P. Tchaikovsky}}		{{right\|P. Tchaikovsky}}
	P.S. Could you please order ''2 ~~dozens~~'' of those photographs of me in which I am ''standing'' – those are the ones that to my liking came out best <ref name="note7"/>. As for the others, ''one dozen'' of each pose. My friendly greetings to Charles and Henri Condemine <ref name="note8"/>.		P.S. Could you please order ''2 dozen'' of those photographs of me in which I am ''standing'' – those are the ones that to my liking came out best <ref name="note7"/>. As for the others, ''one dozen'' of each pose. My friendly greetings to Charles and Henri Condemine <ref name="note8"/>.
	}}		}}

	==Notes and References==		==Notes and References==
	<references>		<references>
	<ref name="note1">Tchaikovsky and his sister-in-law [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olga]] (the wife of his elder brother, [[Nikolay]]) had left [[Paris]] together on 12/24 June 1886, taking with them to Russia little [[Georges-Léon]] — the illegitimate son of Tchaikovsky's niece [[Tatyana Davydova]] who was born in [[Paris]] and had been looked after by a French family in the suburb of Bicêtre for the first three years of his life. The boy was to be adopted by [[Nikolay]] and [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olga]] , who had no children of her own, although the secret of his birth was still to be kept from [[Tatyana Davydova\|Tatyana]]'s parents. Various entries in the diary which he kept during the long train journey to [[Saint Petersburg]] reflect Tchaikovsky's touching concern and affection for the child: 13/25 June: "It was more fortunate and calm that I expected. [[Cologne]]. Tea. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] slept twice in the course of the trip and the second time a good deal. Very sweet but too high-spirited ... [[Hannover]]. Was obliged to spend some time alone with him; create fairy tales; talk nonsense"; 14/26 June: "Coffee. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] slept well ... Am writing a telegram while it is quiet alongside: must be [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] fell asleep again ... Verzhbolovo. Dinner. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] suddenly fell asleep at dinner. Carried him while he was sleeping to a small ladies' compartment. Well, at last in Russia! This evening both [[Olga]] and I were unusually tired"; 15/27 June: "A long drawn-out day. Was obliged to entertain much and fuss with [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|Georgie]]. By the way, I gratified him particularly by inventing a slapping game ... [[Saint Petersburg]], finally. [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky\|Kolya]] met us ... [[Géorges]] looked very happy and played as though Bicêtre and ''geo-tilliez ''[?] never existed. After conversing and putting [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] to bed, went to have supper at Palkin's restaurant. A white night! Strange, but beautiful..." Over the next two days in [[Saint Petersburg]] Tchaikovsky spent a lot of time with [[Géorges]] and his adoptive parents. Thus, on 16/28 June the composer noted in his diary: "He became angry at [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olya]] after dinner and cried convulsively in my arms. When I was leaving, he cried bitterly and wanted me to stay". The following day, Tchaikovsky attended the boy's christening (he was given the Russian name [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|Georgy]]) and bought some pictures and toys ~~for him~~ which he gave to him that evening, shortly before his departure for [[Maydanovo]]: "Dinner at [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky\|Kolya]]'s. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] was very pleased with his toys, especially with the little soldiers entering the fortress. Left him secretly to avoid tears" — all diary entries quoted from {{bib\|1973/106\|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 88–90.</ref>		<ref name="note1">Tchaikovsky and his sister-in-law [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olga]] (the wife of his elder brother, [[Nikolay]]) had left [[Paris]] together on 12/24 June 1886, taking with them to Russia little [[Georges-Léon]] — the illegitimate son of Tchaikovsky's niece [[Tatyana Davydova]] who was born in [[Paris]] and had been looked after by a French family in the suburb of Bicêtre for the first three years of his life. The boy was to be adopted by [[Nikolay]] and [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olga]] , who had no children of her own, although the secret of his birth was still to be kept from [[Tatyana Davydova\|Tatyana]]'s parents. Various entries in the diary which he kept during the long train journey to [[Saint Petersburg]] reflect Tchaikovsky's touching concern and affection for the child: 13/25 June: "It was more fortunate and calm that I expected. [[Cologne]]. Tea. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] slept twice in the course of the trip and the second time a good deal. Very sweet but too high-spirited ... [[Hannover]]. Was obliged to spend some time alone with him; create fairy tales; talk nonsense"; 14/26 June: "Coffee. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] slept well ... Am writing a telegram while it is quiet alongside: must be [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] fell asleep again ... Verzhbolovo. Dinner. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] suddenly fell asleep at dinner. Carried him while he was sleeping to a small ladies' compartment. Well, at last in Russia! This evening both [[Olga]] and I were unusually tired"; 15/27 June: "A long drawn-out day. Was obliged to entertain much and fuss with [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|Georgie]]. By the way, I gratified him particularly by inventing a slapping game ... [[Saint Petersburg]], finally. [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky\|Kolya]] met us ... [[Géorges]] looked very happy and played as though Bicêtre and ''geo-tilliez ''[?] never existed. After conversing and putting [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] to bed, went to have supper at Palkin's restaurant. A white night! Strange, but beautiful..." Over the next two days in [[Saint Petersburg]], Tchaikovsky spent a lot of time with [[Géorges]] and his adoptive parents. Thus, on 16/28 June the composer noted in his diary: "He became angry at [[Olga Tchaikovskaya\|Olya]] after dinner and cried convulsively in my arms. When I was leaving, he cried bitterly and wanted me to stay". The following day, Tchaikovsky attended the boy's christening (he was given the Russian name [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|Georgy]]) and bought some pictures and toys which he gave to him that evening, shortly before his departure for [[Maydanovo]]: "Dinner at [[Nikolay Tchaikovsky\|Kolya]]'s. [[Georgy Tchaikovsky\|G.]] was very pleased with his toys, especially with the little soldiers entering the fortress. Left him secretly to avoid tears" — all diary entries quoted from {{bib\|1973/106\|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 88–90.</ref>
	<ref name="note2">Under Napoleon III, who reigned as ~~emperor~~ from 1852 to 1870, the French government promulgated the International Copyright Act (in March 1852) which granted to foreign authors (including artists and composers) equal rights of property in their productions as those which had hitherto been enjoyed by French authors only. Over the following years France concluded bilateral treaties with a number of countries (including Russia) which also agreed to give such protection to French authors within their own borders. In July 1886 the Russian government decided to annul this convention with France and, moreover, not to sign the Berne Convention which most other European countries adopted that year. Charles Thomas Floquet (1828–1896) was a French radical politician who had vigorously opposed Napoleon III's regime, and who at the time of the above letter was President of the Chamber of Deputies.</ref>		<ref name="note2">Under Napoleon III, who reigned as Emperor from 1852 to 1870, the French government promulgated the International Copyright Act (in March 1852) which granted to foreign authors (including artists and composers) equal rights of property in their productions as those which had hitherto been enjoyed by French authors only. Over the following years, France concluded bilateral treaties with a number of countries (including Russia) which also agreed to give such protection to French authors within their own borders. In July 1886, the Russian government decided to annul this convention with France and, moreover, not to sign the Berne Convention which most other European countries adopted that year. Charles Thomas Floquet (1828–1896) was a French radical politician who had vigorously opposed Napoleon III's regime, and who at the time of the above letter was President of the Chamber of Deputies.</ref>
	<ref name="note3">The photographic atelier founded in [[Paris]] in 1850 by the German-born Charles Reutlinger (1816–1880) was one of the most prestigious in the city, and many famous artists, writers, and musicians had their pictures taken there. After Charles's death the studio was run by his widow and his brother Émile. Tchaikovsky had himself photographed there on 9/21 June 1886, as we learn from his diary: "Left at nine-thirty o'clock and went to have some photographs taken at Reutlinger's. The proprietress (a German) has a torn lip. Friendly gentleman photographer. Six poses" (quoted from {{bib\|1973/106\|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 87). These portraits are listed as nos. 50 to 54 in the [[Photographs\|Catalogue of Photographs]].</ref>		<ref name="note3">The photographic atelier founded in [[Paris]] in 1850 by the German-born Charles Reutlinger (1816–1880) was one of the most prestigious in the city, and many famous artists, writers, and musicians had their pictures taken there. After Charles's death, the studio was run by his widow and his brother Émile. Tchaikovsky had himself photographed there on 9/21 June 1886, as we learn from his diary: "Left at nine-thirty o'clock and went to have some photographs taken at Reutlinger's. The proprietress (a German) has a torn lip. Friendly gentleman photographer. Six poses" (quoted from {{bib\|1973/106\|The Diaries of Tchaikovsky}} (1973), p. 87). These portraits are listed as nos. 50 to 54 in the [[Photographs\|Catalogue of Photographs]].</ref>
	<ref name="note4">Vladimir Fédorov cites a brief extract from a letter which [[Colonne]] sent to [[Mackar]] from Aix-les-Bains on 10/22 July 1886: "... my last Russian concert — the ''Marche miniature'' was encored", and which shows that [[Colonne]] had performed Tchaikovsky's [[Suite No. 1]] (or at least excerpts from it) at Aix — see {{bibx\|1968/16\|Revue de musicologie}}, tome 64 (1968), no. 1, p. 56, note 4.</ref>		<ref name="note4">Vladimir Fédorov cites a brief extract from a letter which [[Colonne]] sent to [[Mackar]] from Aix-les-Bains on 10/22 July 1886: "... my last Russian concert — the ''Marche miniature'' was encored", and which shows that [[Colonne]] had performed Tchaikovsky's [[Suite No. 1]] (or at least excerpts from it) at Aix — see {{bibx\|1968/16\|Revue de musicologie}}, tome 64 (1968), no. 1, p. 56, note 4.</ref>
	<ref name="note5">Rather than waiting until he arrived back at [[Maydanovo]] that evening, Tchaikovsky in fact wrote [[Jurgenson]] a letter while still in [[Moscow]], requesting him to send the original manuscript of the ''[[Dumka]]'' to [[Mackar]] (see [[letter 2981]]). Although [[Jurgenson]] was the first to publish that piano piece, Tchaikovsky had written it specially for his new French publisher and wanted to present him with the autograph as a token of his gratitude. [[Jurgenson]], however, ignored the composer's repeated requests and held on to the manuscript.</ref>		<ref name="note5">Rather than waiting until he arrived back at [[Maydanovo]] that evening, Tchaikovsky in fact wrote [[Jurgenson]] a letter while still in [[Moscow]], requesting him to send the original manuscript of the ''[[Dumka]]'' to [[Mackar]] (see [[letter 2981]]). Although [[Jurgenson]] was the first to publish that piano piece, Tchaikovsky had written it specially for his new French publisher and wanted to present him with the autograph as a token of his gratitude. [[Jurgenson]], however, ignored the composer's repeated requests and held on to the manuscript.</ref>
	<ref name="note6">[[Mackar]]'s wife, Valérie. In 1888, Tchaikovsky would dedicate to her one of the prints made by the [[Hamburg]] photographer E. Bieber on 6/18 January 1888. He wrote on it the following inscription: "Madame Valérie Mackar souvenir affectueux" and sketched three bars from the ''Andante cantabile'' of his [[String Quartet No. 1]] — see {{bibx\|1968/16\|Revue de musicologie}}, tome 64 (1968), no. 1, p. 94. The portrait in question is [[:File:Photo060.jpg\|Photo 60]].</ref>		<ref name="note6">[[Mackar]]'s wife, Valérie. In 1888, Tchaikovsky would dedicate to her one of the prints made by the [[Hamburg]] photographer E. Bieber on 6/18 January 1888. He wrote on it the following inscription: "Madame Valérie Mackar souvenir affectueux" and sketched three bars from the ''Andante cantabile'' of his [[String Quartet No. 1]] — see {{bibx\|1968/16\|Revue de musicologie}}, tome 64 (1968), no. 1, p. 94. The portrait in question is [[:File:Photo060.jpg\|Photo 60]].</ref>
	<ref name="note7">For example, [[:File:Photo053.jpg\|Photo 53]].</ref>		<ref name="note7">For example, [[:File:Photo053.jpg\|Photo 53]].</ref>
	<ref name="note8">In the first publication of this letter by Vladimir Fédorov the last sentence was given as: "Salutations amicale[s] à Charles et Henri Couder... [fin illisible]". However, the editors of {{bib\|1971/89\|Полное собрание сочинений ; том XIII}} (1971), were able to decipher the last few letters in the photocopy sent to the [[Klin]] Museum by the BnF, and established that the surname was "Condemine". Henri Condemine was a pianist whom Tchaikovsky had met at [[Mackar]]'s house in [[Paris]] that summer. He is mentioned a few times in the composer's diary. Charles was his brother.</ref>		<ref name="note8">In the first publication of this letter by Vladimir Fédorov, the last sentence was given as: "Salutations amicale[s] à Charles et Henri Couder... [fin illisible]". However, the editors of {{bib\|1971/89\|Полное собрание сочинений ; том XIII}} (1971), were able to decipher the last few letters in the photocopy sent to the [[Klin]] Museum by the BnF, and established that the surname was "Condemine". Henri Condemine was a pianist whom Tchaikovsky had met at [[Mackar]]'s house in [[Paris]] that summer. He is mentioned a few times in the composer's diary. Charles was his brother.</ref>
	</references>		</references>