Fifty Russian Folksongs and Letter 4046: Difference between pages

Tchaikovsky Research
(Difference between pages)
m (1 revision imported)
 
m (1 revision imported)
 
Line 1: Line 1:
Tchaikovsky's arrangements of '''''Fifty Russian Folksongs''''' (Пятьдесят русских народных песен) for piano duet ([[TH]] 176 ; [[ČW]] 351–400) were made in December 1868 (Nos. 1–25) and August–September 1869 (Nos. 26–50).
{{letterhead
|Date=22 February/6 March 1890
|To=[[Nikolay Tchaikovsky]]
|Place=[[Florence]]
|Language=Russian
|Autograph=[[Saint Petersburg]] (Russia): {{RUS-SPsc}} (ф. 834, ед. хр. 37, л. 18–19)
|Publication={{bib|1955/37|П. И. Чайковский. Письма к близким}} (1955), p. 437–438 (abridged)<br/>{{bib|1977/40|П. И. Чайковский. Полное собрание сочинений ; том XV-Б}} (1977), p. 65–66<br/>{{bib|1981/81|Piotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Letters to his family. An autobiography}} (1981), p. 439–440 (English translation; abridged)
}}
==Text and Translation==
{{Lettertext
|Language=Russian
|Translator=Julia Laukhina
|Original text={{right|''Флоренция'', Hôtel Washington<br/>6 марта/22 февр[аля]}}
{{centre|Милый друг Николаша!}}
Письмо твоё меня тем более обрадовало, что ''Annette Мерклинг'' писал, а мне, будто у Жоржика корь. Хотя корь ничего особенно неприятного в себе не заключает, — но всё-таки я немножко беспокоился о нем и был в восторге при виде его собственноручных милых каракулей.


==Instrumentation==
Насчёт пансиона ''Моджио'' скажу тебе, во 1-х, что вы платили так дёшево, ибо это было летом. Во 2-х, в пансионах этих трудно получить совершенно отдельное помещение и жить, не слыша, как какие-нибудь английские мисс упражняются на фортепьяно или поют гаммы и подлые романсы. В 3-х, вероятно (судя по дешевизне), этот пансион не на солнечной стороне, а зимой ''невозможно'' здесь быть не на солнце, так как оно заменяет печи, и без него такой холод, что никакие хоть бы целый день горящие камины не спасут. Я же имею совершенно отдельное помещение, т. е. целый этаж узкого дома всего в 3 окна, выходящие на Арно и обращённые к югу, ''никаких соседей, абсолютное'' отсутствие звуков каких бы то ни было, ибо обе стены капитальные. А для меня это самое главное. Конечно, я плачу довольно дорого (30 фр[анков] в день за мои три и Назарову одну большую комнату, еду, лампы, дрова), но это именно потому, что у меня целая квартира. Едва ли всё-таки в Петербурге за эту цену можно найти вполне комфортабельную квартиру при полном содержании.
Scored for piano duet (4 hands).


==Movements and Duration==
Работаю я усердно, и кажется, что «''Пиковая Дама''» выйдет очень интересная опера. Немножко слишком страшная, так что на меня самого иногда находит страх, и я очень радуюсь, что Назар около меня. Провожу я день правильно и в высшей степени однообразно. Некоторые знакомые вначале набивались, а одно семейство пришлось-таки занимать разговором (бывшего министра Палена), но, к счастью, эти уехали, а к другим я отнёсся так невнимательно, что меня оставили в покое. Работаю я от 9 до 12½ и потом от 4 до 7, всего 6½ часов. Это не особенно много, но так как я пишу необыкновенно аккуратно и не отступаю от заведённого порядка ни на волос, то дело подвигается быстро, и я уже теперь, если только буду здоров, уверен, что кончу оперу вовремя. Между двумя рабочими сеансами завтракаю и гуляю, а вечером скучаю, хотя книги есть. Скучаю теперь не особенно мучительно; в первое же время — просто до слез. Оказывается, что я гораздо более привязан к любимому отечеству, чем это можно было бы предполагать. Прелести здешнего климата и природы редко обращают на себя моё внимание. Впрочем, может быть, оттого, что я слишком поглощён своим делом. Холода стояли все страшные; говорят, что не запомнят в такое близкое к весне время такого продолжительного холода.
The fifty songs are mostly very short, and last around 30 to 35 minutes in a complete performance:
# 'The Young Maiden Walked So Far' (Исходила младенька)
# 'Oh, My Poor Head!' (Голова ль ты моя, головушка)
# 'Please, Try to Remember, My Darling' (Вспомни, вспомни, моя любезная)
# 'The Eel Coiling in the Water' (Вьюн на воде извивается)
# 'Do Not Flood, My Gentle Danube' (Не разливайся, мой тихой Дунай)
# 'Keep on Spinning, My Spinner' (Пряди, моя пряха)
# 'The Tower is Not Yet Built' (Не тесам терен)
# 'The Pine-Tree Swings By the Gate' (У ворот сосна раскачалася)
# 'All Flowers Fade' (Поблекнут все цветики)
# 'Floating and Rising' (Плывет, восплывает)
# 'My Green Vineyard' (Зеленое мое, ты виноградье)
# 'Be Calmed, Stormy Winds' (Не бушуйте, ветры буйные)
# 'At the Crack of Dawn' (Как на зорке, на заре)
# 'It Isn't Drink That's Muddling My Head' (Не хмель мою головушку клонит)
# 'Rise Up, Rise Up, O Sun' (Взойди, взойди, солнце)
# 'Do Not Sing, O Nightingale' (Не пой, не пой, соловушко)
# 'Master Andrey Made Merry' (Гулял Андрей господин)
# 'The Duckling in the Meadow' (Ах, утушка луговая)
# 'Young Maiden at the Feast' (Я вечор млада во пиру была)
# 'I Shall Come to Your Town' (Пойду, подступлю под ваш город)
# 'It's Not the Sound Resounding' (Не шум шумит)
# 'Coming Down the Mountain' (Как со горки, со горы)
# 'A Little Duckling was Swimming on the Sea' (На море утушка купалася)
# 'I Wear My Hair in a Plait' (Коса ль моя косынька)
# 'Beyond My Yard is a Green Meadow' (За двором лужок, зеленешенек)
# 'We Worked the Land' (А мы землю наняли)
# 'Upon the Sea So Blue' (Как по морю, как по синему)
# 'On the Green Meadow' (А как по лугу зеленому)
# 'Our Wine Cellar' (Винный наш колодезь)
# 'I'm Coming to the Capital' (Пойду, пойду, во Царь-город)
# 'Thank You, But No Thank You, Father Superior' (Не спасибо те, игумну тебе)
# 'Little Ivan Wears a Big Hat' (На Иванушке чапан)
# 'In the Meadows' (Во лузях)
# 'Merry Katya' (Катенька веселая)
# 'O My Heart, My Heavy Heart' (Эко сердце, эко бедное мое)
# 'Oh, My Duckling in the Meadow' (Ой, утушка моя луговая)
# 'The Young Maiden' (Молодка-молоденькая)
# 'Play My Bagpipes' (Заиграй, моя волынка)
# 'O, My Fields' (Уж ты, поле моё поле)
# 'Stop My Merry Dance' (Стой, мой милый хоровод)
# 'The Grey Cockerel' (Уж ты, сизенький петух)
# 'Under the Green Apple Tree' (Под яблонью зеленою)
# 'O, My Unspoiled Field' (Уж ты, поле мое, поле чистой)
# 'Like a Princess in the Town' (Как во городе царевна)
# 'Cranberries and Raspberries' (Калинушка с малинушкой)
# 'In the Meadows' (Как по лугу, по лужечку)
# 'Vanya was Sitting' (Сидел Ваня)
# 'By the Gates' (У ворот, ворот)
# 'Song of the Volga Boatmen' (Эй, ухнем: Бурлацкая)
# 'There Was No Wind' (Не было ветру)


==Composition==
Радуюсь, что ты и Оля довольны портретом. Как приеду, сделаю соответствующую надпись. Целую крепко вас обоих, а также моего милого голубчика Жоржа.
The story of how the arrangements came to be made is revealed in a letter from Tchaikovsky to [[Mily Balakirev]] of 30 December 1868/11 January 1869: "[[Jurgenson]] asked me to make a four hand arrangement of 50 Russian songs, 25 of which I have already done; they are drawn from Villebois' collection. It goes without saying that I discarded Villebois' harmonisations and did them myself, and furthermore, I decided here and there to rewrite the melodies to make them more in keeping with the character of folksongs. Next I want to take 25 songs from your collection, provided this in no way displeases you. I would like to know: 1) Whether you want me to use your harmonisations and merely arrange them for four hands? <ref name="note1"/>; 2) or whether, on the contrary, you do not wish this at all?; 3) or whether in either case you would not be happy with me and would generally prefer me not to use your songs? In short, I will do nothing until I hear from you" <ref name="note2"/>. In his letter of reply, [[Balakirev]] granted Tchaikovsky permission to use his collection: "With regard to my songs, which you want to arrange for 4 hands, do whatever you think will be best" <ref name="note3"/>.
{{right|Ваш П. Чайковский}}


Work on the first book of songs was finished in mid/late December 1868 <ref name="note4"/>. These included 23 songs from the collection of Konstantin Villebois. Besides these, the song'' A Duckling was Swimming on the Sea'' (No. 23) was given to Tchaikovsky by [[Aleksandr Ostrovsky]] in 1866 <ref name="note5"/>, and the song''I Wear My Hair in a Plait'' (No. 24) was noted down by Tchaikovsky in September 1867 <ref name="note6"/>.  
|Translated text={{right|''[[Florence]]'', Hôtel Washington<br/>6 March/22 February!}}
{{centre|Dear friend [[Nikolasha]]! }}
My dear friend Nikolasha! Your letter made me happy me because ''[[Anna Merkling|Annette Merkling]]'' had written to me that [[Georgy Tchaikovsky|Zhorzhik]] might have the measles. Although the measles isn't in itself particularly unpleasant, all the same I was still somewhat worried about him, and was delighted at the sight of his own dear scribbles.


On 13/25 March 1869 in a letter to [[Mily Balakirev]], Tchaikovsky expressed his intention to start work. on the second book of the collection of songs <ref name="note7"/>. This was done, it seems, in August and September 1869, after the opera ''[[Undina]]'' was finished <ref name="note8"/>. As well as 24 songs from [[Balakirev]]'s collection, book two also included the song ''Vanya was Sitting'', noted down by the composer in the summer of 1869 at [[Kamenka]].
As for the pension ''Moggio'', I say to you that, firstly, you paid so little for it because it was the summer. Secondly, it's very difficult to obtain completely separate rooms in pensions, and to live without having to hear some English miss practising on the piano or singing mediocre romances. Thirdly (judging from its cheapness), this boarding house is probably lacking a sunny aspect, and in winter it's ''impossible'' to stay  here without the sun, since it stands in for a stove, and it's so cold without it that even a whole day of burning fireplaces won't save you. I have a completely separate room, i.e. a whole floor of a narrow house with 3 windows in all, overlooking the Arno and facing south, ''absolutely no neighbours whatsoever'', and an absence of sounds of any sort, because both walls are thick. And for me, this is the most important thing. Of course, I pay quite dearly (30 francs a day for my three and [[Nazar]]'s one big room, food, lamps, firewood), but this is precisely because I have an entire apartment. Still, for this price one would hardly find a complete comfortable apartment with full board in [[Petersburg]].


==Publication==
I'm working intensively, and it seems that "''[[The Queen of Spades]]''" will be a most interesting opera. It's rather too frightening, such that I sometimes find myself afraid, and I'm very glad that [[Nazar]] is around me. My days are spent dutifully and are monotonous to the utmost degree. Some acquaintances imposed themselves upon me at first, and I was obliged to engage one family in conversation (former minister Palen's), but fortunately they have left, and I was so inattentive to the others that I've been left alone. I work from 9 until 12.30 and then from 4 until 7, in all 6½ hours. This is not particularly much, but since I'm writing with exceptional punctuality and do not deviate one jot from my established routine, then the work is coming along rapidly, and now, provided I remain well, I'm already sure to finish the opera in good time. Between the two working sessions, I have lunch and a stroll, yet the evenings are miserable, although there are books here. I'm not especially miserable now; at first I simply cried. It turns out that I'm far more attached to my beloved fatherland than one might have supposed. The charms of the climate and nature here seldom pique my interest. However, this may be because I am too absorbed in my work. It's been terribly cold; they say no-one can remember such a long cold spell so close to the spring.
Both books from the collection were published by [[Pyotr Jurgenson]]: Book 1 (Nos. 1–25) was printed in December 1868, and apparently issued in January or February 1869. Book 2 (Nos. 26–50) was published in November 1869 <ref name="note9"/>.


In 1949 the folksongs were included in volume 61 of Tchaikovsky's ''[[Complete Collected Works]]'', edited by Sofya Ziv.
I'm glad that you and [[Olya]] are pleased with the portrait. As soon as I arrive, I'll make an appropriate inscription. I kiss you both hard, as well as my dear golubchik [[Georges]].
 
{{right|Yours P. Tchaikovsky}}
==Autographs==
}}
Tchaikovsky's manuscript scores of both sets are now preserved in the {{RUS-Mcm}} in [[Moscow]] ({{TOW2|50-russkih-narodnyh-pesen-dlya-fortepiano-v-4-ruki|ф. 88, No. 149}}).
 
==Recordings==
{{reclink}}
 
==Related Works==
Many of the folksongs were used by Tchaikovsky in other works:
* No. 1. 'The Young Maiden Walked So Far' — in ''[[The Storm]]'' overture (1864), the [[Overture in C minor]] (1865-66), and the opera ''[[The Voyevoda (opera)|The Voyevoda]]'' (1867-68).
* No. 2. 'Oh, My Poor Head!' — in the piano piece ''Russian Song'' (No. 12) from the ''[[Children's Album]] (1878).
* No. 6. 'Keep On Spinning, My Spinner' — in the second movement of [[Symphony No. 2]] (1872).
* No. 10. 'Floating and Rising' — in the dances (Act IV, No. 15) from the opera ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1870-72).
* No. 11. 'My Green Vineyard' — in the Russian Dance (Act III, No. 16) from the opera ''[[Vakula the Smith]]'' (1874) and in the Russian Dance (Act III, No. 22a) from ''[[Cherevichki]]'' (1885).
* No. 14. 'It Isn't Drink That's Muddling My Head' — in the Chorus of Blind Gusli Players (Act II, No. 9) from ''[[The Snow Maiden]]'' (1873).
* No. 15. 'Rise Up, Rise Up, O Sun' was also used as No. 44 in [[Vasily Prokunin]]'s collection of [[65 Russian Folksongs (Prokunin)|65 Russian Folksongs]], edited by Tchaikovsky (1872-83).
* No. 17. 'Master Andrey Made Merry' — in the dances (Act IV, No. 15) from ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1870-72).
* No. 18. 'Where Have You Been?' — in Brusila's Song (Act III, No. 15) from ''[[The Snow Maiden]]'' (1873).
* No. 21. 'Tis Not the Sound Resounding' — in the second version of Lel's Third Song (Act III, No. 14b) from ''[[The Snow Maiden]]'' (1873), and also in Kuma's Arioso (Act I, No. 6) from the opera ''[[The Enchantress]]'' (1885-87).
* No. 23. 'A Little Duckling Was Swimming on the Sea' — in Act I (No. 1) from the opera ''[[The Voyevoda (opera)|The Voyevoda]]'' (1867-68), and in Act I (No. 2) from ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1870-72).
* No. 24. 'I Wear My Hair in a Plait' — in Act II (No. 5) from the opera ''[[The Voyevoda (opera)|The Voyevoda]]'' (1867-68), and in Natalya's Song (Act I, No. 2) from ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1870-72).
* No. 25. 'Beyond My Yard is a Green Meadow' — in Act II (No. 9) of the opera ''[[The Voyevoda (opera)|The Voyevoda]]'' (1867-68), and in Act I (No. 6) of ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1870-72).
* No. 26. 'We Worked the Land' — in the chorus 'We sowed the seed' (А мы просу сеяли) from Tsar Berendey's chorus (Act IV, No. 18) in ''[[The Snow Maiden]]'' (1873) <ref name="note11"/>.
* No. 28. 'On the Green Meadow' — as the introduction to the fourth movement of the [[Serenade for String Orchestra]] (1880).
* No. 29. 'Our Wine-Cellar' — in the dances (Act IV, No. 15) from ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1870-72).
* No. 30. 'I'm Coming to the Capital' — a variant of this tune may have been used as the second subject of the finale of the [[Piano Concerto No. 1]] (1874-75) <ref name="note10"/>
* No. 32. 'Little Ivan Had a Big Hat' — in the dances (Act IV, No. 15) from ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1870-72).
* No. 34. 'Merry Katya' — in the dances (Act IV, No. 15) from ''[[The Oprichnik]]'' (1870-72).
* No. 36. 'Oh, My Duckling in the Meadow' — in Tsar Berendey's March (Act IV, No. 18) from ''[[The Snow Maiden]]'' (1873).
* No. 42. 'Under the Green Apple-Tree' — as the main theme of the fourth movement of the [[Serenade for String Orchestra]] (1880).
* No. 47. 'Vanya Was Sitting' — in the second movement (Andante cantabile) of the [[String Quartet No. 1]] (1871).
* No. 48. 'By the Gates' — in the festival overture ''[[The Year 1812]]'' (1880).
 
==Notes and References==
<references>
<ref name="note1">"In this case, the title-page would certainly stipulate that I had adopted your harmonizations" — ''Tchaikovsky's note''.</ref>
<ref name="note2">[[Letter 126]] to [[Mily Balakirev]], 30 December 1868/11 January 1869.</ref>
<ref name="note3">Letter from [[Mily Balakirev]] to Tchaikovsky, 15/27 January 1869 — [[Klin]] House-Museum Archive.</ref>
<ref name="note4">See [[Letter 124]] to [[Modest Tchaikovsky]], mid/late December 1869.</ref>
<ref name="note5">See [[Letter 493]] to [[Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov]], 7/19 September 1876.</ref>
<ref name="note6">See [[Letter 104]] to [[Anatoly Tchaikovsky]], 28 September/10 October 1867.</ref>
<ref name="note7">See [[Letter 134]] to [[Mily Balakirev]], 13/25 March 1869.</ref>
<ref name="note8">See [[Letter 150]] to [[Anatoly Tchaikovsky]], 25 September/7 October 1869, and [[Letter 151]] to [[Mily Balakirev]], 12/24 October 1869.</ref>
<ref name="note9">See [[Letter 159]] to [[Mily Balakirev]], 17/29 November 1869.</ref>
<ref name="note10">See {{bib|1994/111}} (1994), p. 133-134. We are grateful to Mr Hans de Korver for bringing this to our attention.</ref>
<ref name="note11">We are most grateful to Mr Simone Mantelli for bringing this to our attention.</ref>
</references>
[[Category:Arrangements]]
[[Category:Piano Music]]

Latest revision as of 22:31, 14 July 2022

Date 22 February/6 March 1890
Addressed to Nikolay Tchaikovsky
Where written Florence
Language Russian
Autograph Location Saint Petersburg (Russia): National Library of Russia (ф. 834, ед. хр. 37, л. 18–19)
Publication П. И. Чайковский. Письма к близким. Избранное (1955), p. 437–438 (abridged)
П. И. Чайковский. Полное собрание сочинений, том XV-Б (1977), p. 65–66
Piotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. Letters to his family. An autobiography (1981), p. 439–440 (English translation; abridged)

Text and Translation

Russian text
(original)
English translation
By Julia Laukhina
Флоренция, Hôtel Washington
6 марта/22 февр[аля]

Милый друг Николаша!

Письмо твоё меня тем более обрадовало, что Annette Мерклинг писал, а мне, будто у Жоржика корь. Хотя корь ничего особенно неприятного в себе не заключает, — но всё-таки я немножко беспокоился о нем и был в восторге при виде его собственноручных милых каракулей.

Насчёт пансиона Моджио скажу тебе, во 1-х, что вы платили так дёшево, ибо это было летом. Во 2-х, в пансионах этих трудно получить совершенно отдельное помещение и жить, не слыша, как какие-нибудь английские мисс упражняются на фортепьяно или поют гаммы и подлые романсы. В 3-х, вероятно (судя по дешевизне), этот пансион не на солнечной стороне, а зимой невозможно здесь быть не на солнце, так как оно заменяет печи, и без него такой холод, что никакие хоть бы целый день горящие камины не спасут. Я же имею совершенно отдельное помещение, т. е. целый этаж узкого дома всего в 3 окна, выходящие на Арно и обращённые к югу, никаких соседей, абсолютное отсутствие звуков каких бы то ни было, ибо обе стены капитальные. А для меня это самое главное. Конечно, я плачу довольно дорого (30 фр[анков] в день за мои три и Назарову одну большую комнату, еду, лампы, дрова), но это именно потому, что у меня целая квартира. Едва ли всё-таки в Петербурге за эту цену можно найти вполне комфортабельную квартиру при полном содержании.

Работаю я усердно, и кажется, что «Пиковая Дама» выйдет очень интересная опера. Немножко слишком страшная, так что на меня самого иногда находит страх, и я очень радуюсь, что Назар около меня. Провожу я день правильно и в высшей степени однообразно. Некоторые знакомые вначале набивались, а одно семейство пришлось-таки занимать разговором (бывшего министра Палена), но, к счастью, эти уехали, а к другим я отнёсся так невнимательно, что меня оставили в покое. Работаю я от 9 до 12½ и потом от 4 до 7, всего 6½ часов. Это не особенно много, но так как я пишу необыкновенно аккуратно и не отступаю от заведённого порядка ни на волос, то дело подвигается быстро, и я уже теперь, если только буду здоров, уверен, что кончу оперу вовремя. Между двумя рабочими сеансами завтракаю и гуляю, а вечером скучаю, хотя книги есть. Скучаю теперь не особенно мучительно; в первое же время — просто до слез. Оказывается, что я гораздо более привязан к любимому отечеству, чем это можно было бы предполагать. Прелести здешнего климата и природы редко обращают на себя моё внимание. Впрочем, может быть, оттого, что я слишком поглощён своим делом. Холода стояли все страшные; говорят, что не запомнят в такое близкое к весне время такого продолжительного холода.

Радуюсь, что ты и Оля довольны портретом. Как приеду, сделаю соответствующую надпись. Целую крепко вас обоих, а также моего милого голубчика Жоржа.

Ваш П. Чайковский

Florence, Hôtel Washington
6 March/22 February!

Dear friend Nikolasha!

My dear friend Nikolasha! Your letter made me happy me because Annette Merkling had written to me that Zhorzhik might have the measles. Although the measles isn't in itself particularly unpleasant, all the same I was still somewhat worried about him, and was delighted at the sight of his own dear scribbles.

As for the pension Moggio, I say to you that, firstly, you paid so little for it because it was the summer. Secondly, it's very difficult to obtain completely separate rooms in pensions, and to live without having to hear some English miss practising on the piano or singing mediocre romances. Thirdly (judging from its cheapness), this boarding house is probably lacking a sunny aspect, and in winter it's impossible to stay here without the sun, since it stands in for a stove, and it's so cold without it that even a whole day of burning fireplaces won't save you. I have a completely separate room, i.e. a whole floor of a narrow house with 3 windows in all, overlooking the Arno and facing south, absolutely no neighbours whatsoever, and an absence of sounds of any sort, because both walls are thick. And for me, this is the most important thing. Of course, I pay quite dearly (30 francs a day for my three and Nazar's one big room, food, lamps, firewood), but this is precisely because I have an entire apartment. Still, for this price one would hardly find a complete comfortable apartment with full board in Petersburg.

I'm working intensively, and it seems that "The Queen of Spades" will be a most interesting opera. It's rather too frightening, such that I sometimes find myself afraid, and I'm very glad that Nazar is around me. My days are spent dutifully and are monotonous to the utmost degree. Some acquaintances imposed themselves upon me at first, and I was obliged to engage one family in conversation (former minister Palen's), but fortunately they have left, and I was so inattentive to the others that I've been left alone. I work from 9 until 12.30 and then from 4 until 7, in all 6½ hours. This is not particularly much, but since I'm writing with exceptional punctuality and do not deviate one jot from my established routine, then the work is coming along rapidly, and now, provided I remain well, I'm already sure to finish the opera in good time. Between the two working sessions, I have lunch and a stroll, yet the evenings are miserable, although there are books here. I'm not especially miserable now; at first I simply cried. It turns out that I'm far more attached to my beloved fatherland than one might have supposed. The charms of the climate and nature here seldom pique my interest. However, this may be because I am too absorbed in my work. It's been terribly cold; they say no-one can remember such a long cold spell so close to the spring.

I'm glad that you and Olya are pleased with the portrait. As soon as I arrive, I'll make an appropriate inscription. I kiss you both hard, as well as my dear golubchik Georges.

Yours P. Tchaikovsky