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| Tchaikovsky's '''''Piano Sonata''''' in C-sharp minor, ([[TH]] 123 ; [[ČW]] 97), was written in 1865, during the composer's final year as a student at the [[Saint Petersburg]] Conservatory, and only published after his death as "[[Opus]] 80". It should not be confused with the later ''[[Grand Sonata]]'' in G major, dating from 1878.
| | #REDIRECT [[Thematic and Bibliographical Catalogue of P. I. Čajkovskij's Works]] |
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| ==Movements and Duration==
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| There are four movements, totalling around 25 to 30 minutes in performance:
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| # Allegro con fuoco (C-sharp minor, 380 bars) | |
| # Andante (A major, 106 bars)
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| # Allegro vivo (C-sharp minor, 336 bars)
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| # Allegro vivo (C-sharp minor, 411 bars).
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| ==Composition==
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| No information survives concerning the composition of the sonata, and after Tchaikovsky's death the manuscript of the sonata was found amongst his papers at [[Klin]]. In 1900 [[Modest Tchaikovsky]] and [[Aleksandr Ziloti]] entered into a protracted correspondence regarding this work <ref name="note1"/>.
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| ==Performances==
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| [[Aleksandr Ziloti]] played the first and third movements of the sonata (only) in two of his concerts—in [[Odessa]] on 29 September/12 October, and [[Moscow]] on 14/27 October 1900.
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| ==Publication==
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| The Sonata was published by [[Pyotr Jurgenson]] in 1900 under the editorship of [[Sergey Taneyev]], who made corrections and supplied some bars in the Andante, about which he wrote in his diary for 21 May/3 June 1900: "Called in at Klin with [[Vladimir Lvovich]] and [[Modest Ilyich]]. Reviewed Pyotr Ilyich's conservatory sonata (a copy) and made some corrections... I took the sonata with me, in order to rewrite the final bars in the Andante" <ref name="note2"/>.
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| At this time the sonata was being prepared for publication the pianist [[Aleksandr Ziloti]] objected to the publication of the sonata in full, and insisted that it should be cut: "I shall be writing to [[Sergey Ivanovich]] to tell him that I strongly object to the Andante and last movement being printed. I am sending notes about this to both you and [[Sergey Ivanovich]]. Today I am writing to [[Jurgenson]]" <ref name="note3"/>.
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| In this same letter he described his proposed changes, and a few days later wrote: "After my letter of three days ago you asked me to provide details of, shall we call it, my ‘meddling', and so I hastened to set down my notes. You lost them, and asked [[Taneyev]] to send me this copy, which I must ask ''to be returned as soon as possible'' <ref name="note4"/>. If you should both decide to publish the ''whole'' sonata, then I consider these changes to be my property, and I ask you not use them. Along with your ''complete'' edition, I will publish the two movements I edited myself" <ref name="note5"/>. [[Ziloti]]'s two-movement version was published by [[Jurgenson]] in 1901 <ref name="note6"/>.
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| In 1945 the sonata was published in volume 51А of Tchaikovsky's ''[[Complete Collected Works]]'', edited by Ivan Shishov.
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| ==Autographs==
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| Tchaikovsky's manuscript score of the sonata has been lost.
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| ==Recordings==
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| {{reclink}}
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| ==Related Works==
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| The second subject of the finale (from bar 51) is based on a theme from the [[Agitato and Allegro in E minor]], which Tchaikovsky had written as a student exercise in 1863 or 1864 <ref name="note7"/>.
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| The ''Scherzo'' (third movement) of the sonata was adapted by Tchaikovsky to become the Scherzo of his [[Symphony No. 1]], begun the year after composing the sonata.
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| ==External Links==
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| * {{imslpscore|Piano_Sonata,_Op.80_(Tchaikovsky,_Pyotr)|Piano Sonata, Op. 80}}
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| ==Notes and References==
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| <references>
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| <ref name="note1">See letters from [[Aleksandr Ziloti]] to [[Modest Tchaikovsky]] of 12/25 April, 6/19 May, 17/30 May, 26 June/9 July, 28 June/11 July, 9/22 August, 27 August/9 September, 23 September/6 October 1900 — [[Klin]] House-Museum Archive.</ref>
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| <ref name="note2">[[Sergey Taneyev]]'s diary entry for 21 May/3 June 1900 — [[Klin]] House-Museum Archive.</ref>
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| <ref name="note3">Letter from [[Aleksandr Ziloti]] to [[Modest Tchaikovsky]], 28 June/11 July 1900 — [[Klin]] House-Museum Archive.</ref>
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| <ref name="note4">[[Aleksandr Ziloti]] required the manuscript in order to prepare for the concert on 29 September/11 October.</ref>
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| <ref name="note5">Letter of 28 June/11 July 1900 — [[Klin]] House-Museum Archive.</ref>
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| <ref name="note6">As ''Allegro et scherzo d'une sonate inachevée, composée en 1865''... Rédigés par [[Aleksandr Ziloti|A. Siloti]]".</ref>
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| <ref name="note7">We are most grateful to Mr Simone Mantelli for bringing this to our attention.</ref>
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| </references>
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| [[Category:Piano Music]]
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